Qal Perfect — I-נ and I-י Paradigms

Full inflection tables for I-נ (Pe-Nun) and I-י (Pe-Yod) roots in the Qal Perfect.
Both classes are essentially regular in the Perfect; the dramatic effects appear in the Imperfect (Ch16).

Part 1 — I-נ (Pe-Nun): נָתַן (give)

Person	Form	Notes
3ms	נָתַן	Regular qamets-patach; nun at R1 is present
3fs	נָתְנָה	Shewa under R1 nun; nun present and visible
2ms	נָתַתָּ	Dagesh forte in ת (assimilation at R3 → R3 nun + ת suffix → ת with dagesh)
2fs	נָתַתְּ	Same assimilation at R3
1cs	נָתַתִּי	Dagesh in ת throughout suffix forms
3cp	נָתְנוּ	Shewa under R1; both nuns visible
2mp	נְתַתֶּם	R1 reduces; R3 assimilation: dagesh in ת
2fp	נְתַתֶּן	Same as 2mp; nun final
1cp	נָתַנּוּ	Dagesh in נ before נוּ (R3 + suffix nun → assimilation)

Note: In the Perfect, the nun at R1 is present and visible. The interesting assimilation
in נָתַן happens at R3 — the final nun assimilates into the suffix consonant ת (giving
dagesh forte in ת). This is different from the Imperfect, where R1 nun assimilates forward.

Part 1b — I-נ (Pe-Nun): נָפַל (fall)

Person	Form	Notes
3ms	נָפַל	Regular
3fs	נָפְלָה	Shewa under R1
2ms	נָפַלְתָּ	Regular — no assimilation (R3 = ל, not ן)
2fs	נָפַלְתְּ	Regular
1cs	נָפַלְתִּי	Regular
3cp	נָפְלוּ	Shewa under R1
2mp	נְפַלְתֶּם	R1 reduces
1cp	נָפַלְנוּ	Regular

Note: Unlike נָתַן, נָפַל has a lamed at R3 (not a second nun), so there is no
assimilation in the suffix forms. The Perfect of נָפַל is fully regular in pattern.

Part 2 — I-י (Pe-Yod): יָלַד (give birth, beget)

Person	Form	Notes
3ms	יָלַד	Regular qamets-patach; yod at R1 is present
3fs	יָלְדָה	Shewa under yod
2ms	יָלַדְתָּ	Regular — yod present throughout
2fs	יָלַדְתְּ	Regular
1cs	יָלַדְתִּי	Regular
3cp	יָלְדוּ	Shewa under yod
2mp	יְלַדְתֶּם	R1 yod reduces to shewa
2fp	יְלַדְתֶּן
1cp	יָלַדְנוּ	Regular

Part 2b — I-י (Pe-Yod): יָדַע (know)

Person	Form	Notes
3ms	יָדַע	Regular; ע at R3 is a guttural (III-ע also)
3fs	יָדְעָה	Shewa under yod
2ms	יָדַעְתָּ	Patach furtive drops before suffix
2fs	יָדַעְתְּ
1cs	יָדַעְתִּי
3cp	יָדְעוּ	Shewa under yod
2mp	יְדַעְתֶּם	R1 reduces
1cp	יָדַעְנוּ

Key principle for I-י Perfect: The yod at R1 remains in the Perfect. It behaves
like a regular consonant (qamets under it in the 3ms, shewa in reduced forms). The
dramatic change — where the yod contracts with the prefix vowel — occurs only in the
Imperfect (Ch16).

Comparison Table

Person	Strong (קָטַל)	I-נ (נָתַן)	I-נ (נָפַל)	I-י (יָלַד)	I-י (יָדַע)
3ms	קָטַל	נָתַן	נָפַל	יָלַד	יָדַע
3fs	קָטְלָה	נָתְנָה	נָפְלָה	יָלְדָה	יָדְעָה
2ms	קָטַלְתָּ	נָתַתָּ	נָפַלְתָּ	יָלַדְתָּ	יָדַעְתָּ
1cs	קָטַלְתִּי	נָתַתִּי	נָפַלְתִּי	יָלַדְתִּי	יָדַעְתִּי
3cp	קָטְלוּ	נָתְנוּ	נָפְלוּ	יָלְדוּ	יָדְעוּ
2mp	קְטַלְתֶּם	נְתַתֶּם	נְפַלְתֶּם	יְלַדְתֶּם	יְדַעְתֶּם